No corporal punishment: India needs social movement

Following a PIL, Delhi High Court had directed the state government to ban corporal punishment in schools and ensure that children receive education in an environment of protection and dignity, free from fear. But the reality is far from being true.

THE NATIONAL Commission for the Protection of Child Rights (NCPCR) will take up the case of an 11-year-old girl of a Muncipal Corporation School, in North Delhi, who died after being in coma due to corporal punishment inflicted on her at school, a place where she had been to receive education of her life. She was alleged hit by her teacher and was made to stand in the sun for over two hours, resultant of which she slipped into a coma and then later on died. Her case will be taken as a suo moto complaint by the National Commission and an inquiry will be taken up immediately. But her case is not the only one. The reality is that in India two out of three school children are physically abused according to the National Report on child abuse by the Ministry of Women and Child Development, in the year 2007.

Dreams of many children get shattered due to this kind abuse in schools. And this is not limited to any geographic area or state. It happens in every district of India, in government as well as private schools. Most children do not report or confide about the matter to anyone. They suffer silently except in case where we see extreme forms like this one and are picked up by the media. Death of this little soul in Delhi was most unfortunate incident and could have been avoided.

Anyone who had seen or read in media have expressed shock and called for strictest possible action. Though Indian law will take its own course but is weak in this case and has many loop holes. Indian laws need immediate amendments to ensure that they are not used by perpetrators of corporal punishment to go scot-free. The Indian Penal Code Section 88, for example, protects an act, which is not intended to cause death, done by consent in good faith for person’s benefit.

A teacher/guardian who administers in good faith a moderate and reasonable corporal punishment to a pupil to enforce discipline in school is protected by this section and such an act is not even a crime under Section 323. Section 89 of Indian Penal Code protects an act by guardian or by consent of guardian done in good faith for benefit of child under 12 years, unless it causes death or grievous injury.

These provisions extend to teachers having quasi-parental authority i.e., consent or delegation of authority from parents. These sections therefore need to be amended. Working Group of National Commission of Protection of Child Rights, which comprises of educationists, lawyers, social activists, doctors, bureaucrats, representatives of non-governmental organisations and teacher’s union’s have recommended law reform to remove any existing defences of corporal punishment. In December 2000, following a PIL, the Delhi High Court had directed the state government to ban corporal punishment in schools and ensure that children receive education in an environment of protection and dignity, free from fear. But the reality is far from being true.

In India we not only need stricter laws, which are implemented, but also (and more importantly so) a social movement that brings together teachers, care givers, parents and communities to strongly ’say no to corporal punishment’ in all institutions.

anil gulati

West Bengal & UP to get premier medical institute

Indian government sanctioned Rs.16.46 billion ($340 million) for setting up two more premier referral institutes on the lines of the prestigious All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) here. Government also sanctioned Rs.7.50 billion for upgrading five existing government medical colleges. The five government medical colleges being upgraded are located at Aligarh (Uttar Pradesh), Amritsar (Punjab), Madurai (Tamil Nadu), Nagpur (Maharashtra) and Tanda (Himachal Pradesh). The new referral institutes, to be established at a cost of Rs.8.23 billion each, will be located at Raiganj in West Bengal's North Dinajpur district and at a site to be chosen by the Uttar Pradesh government.

Each institution will have a 960-bedded hospital, with 500 beds for the medial college hospital and 300 beds for its speciality and super speciality departments. This apart, 100 beds will be set aside for the ICU and accident trauma department, 30 beds for physical medicine & rehabilitation departments and 30 beds for the Ayush (Ayurveda, Yoga & Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha and Homoeopathy) departments.

AIIMS became functional in 1956 as an autonomous institution through an act of Parliament, to serve as a nucleus for nurturing excellence in all aspect of health care. In 2005, the government had approved five similar institutes at Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh), Bhubaneswar (Orissa), Jodhpur (Rajasthan), Patna (Bihar), Raipur (Chhattisgarh) and Rishikesh (Uttarakhand).

Nano laptop’ set to take computing to rural India

The concept of ‘nano laptop’ has been made possible by National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology. It is set to unveil on Feburary 3, a 'nano laptop', which will cost only Rs 500

DAY BEFORE yesterday, I was at Purulia in West Bengal and met Sakina Khatun, Ruksana Khatun and Tyab. These children were trying out their little fingers on a laptop. Though it was not theirs but belonged to the assistant labour commissioner of the district, who was happy to share his laptop with these kids. These children are part of child activist programme being run by district labour department, district administration and Zila Parishad, which is providing an opportunity to voices of children who were once child labour but are now back in school. But in the coming days things may change, may be they have a laptop of their own.

This has been made possible by National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology. It is set to unveil on Feburary 3, a ’nano laptop’, which will cost only Rs 500. A boon for many in India and will help in taking the power of computing to interiors of the country. This has been made possible due to efforts of students of Indian Institute of Technology, scientists in Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, IIT-Madras and Semiconductor Complex, a Public Sector Undertaking. Though it may take some time till the dreams of the little kids may get realised but nevertheless, it is a great hope in coming days.

The National Mission on Education through ICT has been envisaged as a centrally-sponsored Scheme to leverage the potential of ICT, in providing high quality personalised and interactive knowledge modules over the Internet/intranet for all the learners in Higher Education Institutions in anytime, anywhere mode. The mission plans to extend computer infrastructure and connectivity to over 18,000 colleges in the country and growing appropriate e-learning procedures, providing facility of performing experiments through virtual laboratories, online testing and certification, online availability of teachers to guide and mentor students.

Contributed by Anil Gulati

Japanese two wheelers taking india by storm

Tora means tiger in Japanese. In 1941, during the attack on Pearl Harbor, Japanese pilots used it as a code word to indicate that complete surprise had been achieved. Now, almost half-a-century later, it might well be brought out of the closet and used again. Just that this time, Indian two-wheeler companies seem to be the dozy targets.

Put another way: The recent ouster of Bajaj Auto, the country’s second largest two-wheeler maker by sales, from the second spot by Honda Motorcycles and Scooters India (HMSI), may just hint at a Japanese offensive. In November last year, for the first time, HMSI surpassed Bajaj Auto sales by volume in the domestic market. The Japanese two-wheeler firm repeated the same feat in the ensuing month as well. In December, HMSI sold 87,164 two-wheelers against Bajaj Auto’s 69,419 units. “The gap is narrowing and the competition level is much higher now,” points out HS Goindi, president (marketing), TVS Motor Company. “The Japanese have been at it for a long time and no one noticed. So, one fine morning, the crossover happened and people were caught napping.” Even TVS wasn’t spared. In December last year, the Chennai-based two-wheeler firm sold 72,355 units — a 13% slide over the corresponding period the previous year. Further, during the April-December period in 2008, all Indian two-wheeler companies, excluding Hero Honda Motors, posted negative growth figures over the corresponding period the previous year. In comparison, their Japanese counterparts, such as HMSI, Suzuki Motorcycle India and India Yamaha Motor, have all done relatively well and managed to garner decent growth figures. So, what worked for the Japanese? To be sure, one of the major contributors to growth for both HMSI and Suzuki continues to be the gearless scooter segment where HMSI is the market leader, with more than 50% marketshare. In December last year, scooters made up around 64% of HMSI’s total sales volume. Atul Gupta, VP, sales & marketing, Suzuki Motorcycle India, points out that this segment has been more or less insulated against the slowdown and has grown considerably year on year. “People usually purchase a scooter with cash. Hence, this segment escaped being butchered by the credit squeeze,” explains Gupta. But industry experts also point out that the future belongs to cutting edge technology. Case in point: India Yamaha Motor’s latest 150cc offerings, the FZ16 and the R15 are arguably the best in their segment as far as product quality and design are concerned. These are the bikes that have single-handedly brought the focus back on Yamaha after the Japanese firm’s incredible lean patch here. But they also come at a cost. The R15 sells for around Rs 1 lakh, almost double the price of an ordinary 150cc motorcycle. Says Sanjay Tripathi, division head (product planning), India Yamaha Motor: “It’s similar to cell phones. The technology that you see in high-end phones finally percolates down after some time. In the case of two-wheelers it’s the same story. Our 150cc bikes borrow technology that is born on the race track, and with time the cost will also come down.” So, does this suggest that Indian two-wheeler makers are low on technology? S Sridhar, CEO (two-wheelers), Bajaj Auto, strongly opposes the thought. “In Bajaj, technology is for daily life. We have a strong R&D focus. We are jointly developing bikes with KTM but even our own boys are good at innovation,” he declares.